Allopatric divergence in peripheral habitats may lead to rapid evolution of populations with novel phenotypes. In this study we provide the first evidence that isolation in peripheral habitats may have played a critical ...

Crime/thriller/drama action films have been a popular and commercially successful product of Hong Kong cinema. However, since the early 1990s, the Hong Kong film industry has been in decline. It has been posited that as a ...

In this paper, we use artificial evolution to design homogeneous neural network controller for groups of robots required to align. Aligning refers to the process by which the robots managed to head towards a common arbitrary ...

Two-component systems (TCSs) are common signal transduction systems, typically comprising paired histidine protein kinase (HK) and response regulator (RR) proteins. In many examples, it appears RR and HK genes have fused, ...

Two-component systems (TCSs) are diverse and abundant signal transduction pathways found predominantly in prokaryotes. This review focuses on insights into TCS evolution made possible by the sequencing of whole prokaryotic ...

Pairs of unidirectional (same strand) genes can overlap in one of two phases (relative reading frames). There is a striking bias in the relative abundance of prokaryotic gene overlaps in the two possible phases. A simple ...